How To Make Bathing Soap [bar: Antisceptic & Medicated]

Soap making is a business you can venture into in this period of reccession, with little capital worth of #2000.

Soap making business is lucrative and offers reliable and constant revenue for business men and women who are producing and those marketing soap wholesale or retail. If you are in doubt, please ask the nearest soap seller on your street how often he or she visits the market to replenish his or her stock.

Different types of soap are produced daily and they include – laundry soap, bathing soap, antiseptic soap, detergent and a host of others. The modes of producing them the chemicals used are slightly different.

Our focus here is on how to produce bathing soap on a small scale. There are various methods of production, but two are outstanding. The hot and cold method. The hot method involves boiling the chemicals in a mixture.


CHEMICALS
A Oil: the commonly used oil for soap production includes.

Palm kernel oil
Fatty acid
Bleached palm oil (tests raw palm oil and make sure it does not contain common salt by adding little quantity of fermented caustic soda into it. Then mix with stick, if it blends together the oil is okay for use

B Caustic soda: this is the base chemical used in the production of soap. It is whitish in colour and sugar like

C Soda ash: increases the quantity of soap also acts as a foaming agent improves hardness of soap. It is whitish in colour and garri like

D Sodium sulphate: it increases the quantity of soap and increases the durability of soap. it is whitish in colour and in powdery form

E Kaolin or calcium: it acts as a forming agent. it is whitish in colour and in powdery state

G Colourant: this determine the colour of soap, it might liquid or powder

H Perfume: this determine the odour of soap e.g rose, h&R, B&B, Apple, Lemon, Blue Water, passion etc.


FERMENTATION
This is a process whereby the powdery chemical s e.g caustic soda, ash, sodium sulphate e.t.c is turn into solution before use. Two plastic bowls are required for the fermentation

BOWL (1) CAUSTIC SODA+KAOLIN
One (1) cup of caustic soada plus one sixth (1/6) of kaolin plus 3 cups of water is fermented for atleast 48 hours. For best result, leave it for 5-7 days.

1 caustic soda + 1/6 kaolin + 3 cup of water the least hydrometer reading should be 1275 maximum, if not up to it, add more water and cover the bowl for 48 hours.

BOWL 2- SODA ASH +SODIUM SULPHATE
One (1) cup of soda ash plus one eight (1/ cup of sodium sulphate plus 4 cups of water (i.e 1 soda ash + 1/8 sodium sulphate + 4 cups of water) is fermented for atleast 24 hours. The least hydrometer should be 1200


FORMATIONS

COLD METHOD

NOTE: You make sure you stir continuously and properly as you add each of the elements and it must be in one direction.

Get another empty bowl and add the following: 4 cups of p.k.o + + stirring + colourant (optional) + stirring + 2 cups solution from bowl 1 (caustic soda + calcium) + stirring + 1 cup of solution from bowl 2 (soda ash + sodium sulphate) + stirring + 1/6 silicate ( silicate makes the soap to be lustre and shinning) + stirring + perfume + stirring .
NOTE: You stir until it become pap like before pouring into mould. After 5 hours, remove the soap for cutting to the desired shapes.

HOT METHOD

1 Put on your heating system
2 Put tank or drum on the heating system
3 Measure oil 4 cups into the boiler and allow it to heat up
4 Add colourant and allow it to mix properly with the oil
5 Add the fermented caustic soda + kaolin 2 cups and stir
6 Add the fermented soda ash +sodium sulphate 1 cup and stir
7 Add silicate 1/6 and stir
8 Continue to stir until pap-like mixture is formed and remove boiler from the heating system
9 After the addition of perfume, Stir vigorously again (in one direction)
10 Transfer the mixture into your soap mould
11 After 5 hours cut the soap into tables, if wooden mould is adopted, the other moulds are always on proper shapes
12 Put your identification stamps and package soap for sale